STAR.align.single {ORFik} | R Documentation

## Align single or paired end pair with STAR

### Description

Given a single NGS fastq/fasta library, or a paired setup of 2 mated libraries. Run either combination of fastq trimming, contamination removal and genome alignment. Works for (Linux, Mac and WSL (Windows Subsystem Linux))

### Usage

    STAR.align.single(
      file1,
      file2 = NULL,
      output.dir,
      index.dir,
      star.path = STAR.install(),
      fastp = install.fastp(),
      steps = "tr-ge",
      adapter.sequence = "auto",
      quality.filtering = FALSE,
      min.length = 20,
      mismatches = 3,
      trim.front = 0,
      max.multimap = 10,
      alignment.type = "Local",
      max.cpus = min(90, detectCores() - 1),
      wait = TRUE,
      resume = NULL,
      script.single = system.file("STAR_Aligner", "RNA_Align_pipeline.sh", package =
        "ORFik")
    )

### Arguments

`file1` | library file, if paired must be R1 file. Allowed formats are: (.fasta, .fastq, .fq, or.fa) with or without compression of .gz. This filename usually contains a suffix of .1
`file2` | default NULL, set if paired end to R2 file. Allowed formats are: (.fasta, .fastq, .fq, or.fa) with or without compression of .gz. This filename usually contains a suffix of .2
`output.dir` | directory to save indices, default: paste0(dirname(arguments[1]), "/STAR_index/"), where arguments is the arguments input for this function.
`index.dir` | path to STAR index folder. Path returned from ORFik function STAR.index, when you created the index folders.
`star.path` | path to STAR, default: STAR.install(), if you don't have STAR installed at default location, it will install it there, set path to a runnable star if you already have it.
`fastp` | path to fastp trimmer, default: install.fastp(), if you have it somewhere else already installed, give the path. Only works for unix (linux or Mac OS), if not on unix, use your favorite trimmer and give the output files from that trimmer as input.dir here.
`steps` | a character, default: "tr-ge", trimming then genome alignment steps of depletion and alignment wanted: The posible candidates you can use are: tr : trim reads co : contamination merged depletion ph : phix depletion rR : rrna depletion nc : ncrna depletion tR : trna depletion ge : genome alignment all: run steps: "tr-co-ge" or "tr-ph-rR-nc-tR-ge", depending on if you have merged contaminants or not If not "all", a subset of these ("tr-co-ph-rR-nc-tR-ge") If co (merged contaminants) is used, non of the specific contaminants can be specified, since they should be a subset of co. The step where you align to the genome is usually always included, unless you are doing pure contaminant analysis. For Ribo-seq and TCP(RCP-seq) you should do rR (ribosomal RNA depletion), so when you made the STAR index you need the rRNA step, either use rRNA from .gtf or manual download. (usually just download a Silva rRNA database for SSU&LSU at: https://www.arb-silva.de/) for your species.
`adapter.sequence` | character, default: "auto". Auto detect adapter using fastp adapter auto detection, checking first 1.5M reads. (Auto detection of adapter will not work 100% of the time (if the library is of low quality), then you must rerun this function with specified adapter from fastp adapter analysis. , using FASTQC or other adapter detection tools, else alignment will most likely fail!). If already trimmed or trimming not wanted: adapter.sequence = "disable" .You can manually assign adapter like: "ATCTCGTATGCCGTCTTCTGCTTG" or "AAAAAAAAAAAAA". You can also specify one of the three presets: illumina (TrueSeq ~75/100 bp sequencing): AGATCGGAAGAGC small_RNA (standard for ~50 bp sequencing): TGGAATTCTCGG nextera: CTGTCTCTTATA Paired end auto detection uses overlap sequence of pairs, to use the slower more secure paired end adapter detection, specify as: "autoPE".
`quality.filtering` | logical, default FALSE. Not needed for modern library prep of RNA-seq, Ribo-seq etc (usually < ~ 0.5 If you are aligning bad quality data, set this to TRUE. These filters will then be applied (default of fastp), filter if: Number of N bases in read: > 5 Read quality: > 40% of bases in the read are <Q15
`min.length` | 20, minimum length of aligned read without mismatches to pass filter. Anything under 20 is dangerous, as chance of random hits will become high!
`mismatches` | 3, max non matched bases. Excludes soft-clipping, this only filters reads that have defined mismatches in STAR. Only applies for genome alignment step.
`trim.front` | 0, default trim 0 bases 5'. For Ribo-seq use default 0. Ignored if tr (trim) is not one of the arguments in "steps"
`max.multimap` | numeric, default 10. If a read maps to more locations than specified, will skip the read. Set to 1 to only get unique mapping reads. Only applies for genome alignment step. The depletions are allowing for multimapping.
`alignment.type` | default: "Local": standard local alignment with soft-clipping allowed, "EndToEnd" (global): force end-to-end read alignment, does not soft-clip.
`max.cpus` | integer, default: min(90, detectCores() - 1), number of threads to use. Default is minimum of 90 and maximum cores - 1. So if you have 8 cores it will use 7.
`wait` | a logical (not `NA`) indicating whether the R interpreter should wait for the command to finish, or run it asynchronously. This will be ignored (and the interpreter will always wait) if `intern = TRUE`. When running the command asynchronously, no output will be displayed on the `Rgui` console in Windows (it will be dropped, instead).
`resume` | default: NULL, continue from step, lets say steps are "tr-ph-ge": (trim, phix depletion, genome alignment) and resume is "ge", you will then use the assumed already trimmed and phix depleted data and start at genome alignment, useful if something crashed. Like if you specified wrong STAR version, but the trimming step was completed. Resume mode can only run 1 step at the time.
`script.single` | location of STAR single file alignment script, default internal ORFik file. You can change it and give your own if you need special alignments.

### Details

Can only run on unix systems (Linux, Mac and WSL (Windows Subsystem Linux)), and requires a minimum of 30GB memory on genomes like human, rat, zebrafish etc.
If for some reason the internal STAR alignment bash script will not work for you, like if you want more customization of the STAR/fastp arguments. You can copy the internal alignment script, edit it and give that as the Index script used for this function.
The trimmer used is fastp (the fastest I could find), also works on (Linux, Mac and WSL (Windows Subsystem Linux)). If you want to use your own trimmer set file1/file2 to the location of the trimmed files from your program.
A note on trimming from creator of STAR about trimming: "adapter trimming it definitely needed for short RNA sequencing. For long RNA-seq, I would agree with Devon that in most cases adapter trimming is not advantageous, since, by default, STAR performs local (not end-to-end) alignment, i.e. it auto-trims." So trimming can be skipped for longer reads.

### Value

output.dir, can be used as as input in ORFik::create.experiment

### See Also

Other STAR: `STAR.align.folder()`, `STAR.allsteps.multiQC()`, `STAR.index()`, `STAR.install()`, `STAR.multiQC()`, `STAR.remove.crashed.genome()`, `getGenomeAndAnnotation()`, `install.fastp()`

### Examples

    ## Specify output libraries:
    output.dir <- "/Bio_data/references/Human"
    bam.dir <- "data/processed/human_rna_seq"
    # arguments <- getGenomeAndAnnotation("Homo sapiens", output.dir)
    # index <- STAR.index(arguments, output.dir)
    # STAR.align.single("data/raw_data/human_rna_seq/file1.bam", bam.dir,
    #                    index)

[Package ORFik version 1.12.13 Index]