seqAssocGLMM_SPA {SAIGEgds} | R Documentation

## P-value calculation

### Description

P-value calculations using variance approximation and an adjustment of Saddlepoint approximation.

### Usage

    seqAssocGLMM_SPA(gdsfile, modobj, maf=NaN, mac=10, missing=0.1, dsnode="",
        spa.pval=0.05, var.ratio=NaN, res.savefn="", res.compress="LZMA",
        parallel=FALSE, verbose=TRUE)

### Arguments

`gdsfile` | a SeqArray GDS filename, or a GDS object
`modobj` | an R object for SAIGE model parameters
`maf` | minor allele frequency threshold (checking >= maf), `NaN` for no filter
`mac` | minor allele count threshold (checking >= mac), `NaN` for no filter
`missing` | missing threshold for variants (checking <= missing), `NaN` for no filter
`dsnode` | "" for automatically searching the GDS nodes "genotype" and "annotation/format/DS", or use a user-defined GDS node in the file
`spa.pval` | the p-value threshold for SPA adjustment, 0.05 by default (since normal approximation performs well when the test statistic is close to the mean)
`var.ratio` | `NaN` for using the estimated variance ratio in the model fitting, or a user-defined variance ratio
`res.savefn` | an RData or GDS file name, "" for no saving
`res.compress` | the compression method for the output file, it should be one of LZMA, LZMA_RA, ZIP, ZIP_RA and none
`parallel` | `FALSE` (serial processing), `TRUE` (multicore processing), a numeric value for the number of cores, or other value; `parallel` is passed to the argument `cl` in `seqParallel`, see `seqParallel` for more details
`verbose` | if `TRUE`, show information

### Details

The original SAIGE R package uses 0.05 as a threshold for unadjusted p-values (based on asymptotic normality) to further calculate adjusted p-values (Saddlepoint approximation, SPA). If `var.ratio=NaN`, the average of variance ratios (`mean(modobj$var.ratio$ratio)`) is used instead. For more details of SAIGE algorithm, please refer to the SAIGE paper [Zhou et al. 2018] (see the reference section).

### Value

Return a `data.frame` with the following components if not saving to a file:

`id` | variant ID in the GDS file;
`chr` | chromosome;
`pos` | position;
`rs.id` | the RS IDs if it is available in the GDS file;
`ref` | the reference allele;
`alt` | the alternative allele;
`AF.alt` | allele frequency for the alternative allele; the minor allele frequency is `pmin(AF.alt, 1-AF.alt)`;
`mac` | minor allele count; the allele count for the alternative allele is `ifelse(AF.alt<=0.5, mac, 2*num-mac)`;
`num` | the number of samples with non-missing genotypes;
`beta` | beta coefficient, odds ratio if binary outcomes (alternative allele vs. reference allele);
`SE` | standard error for beta coefficient;
`pval` | adjusted p-value with the Saddlepoint approximation method;
`p.norm` | p-values based on asymptotic normality (could be 0 if it is too small, e.g., `pnorm(-50) = 0` in R; used for checking only
`converged` | whether the SPA algorithm converges or not for adjusted p-values.

### Author(s)

Xiuwen Zheng

### References

Zhou W, Nielsen JB, Fritsche LG, Dey R, Gabrielsen ME, Wolford BN, LeFaive J, VandeHaar P, Gagliano SA, Gifford A, Bastarache LA, Wei WQ, Denny JC, Lin M, Hveem K, Kang HM, Abecasis GR, Willer CJ, Lee S. Efficiently controlling for case-control imbalance and sample relatedness in large-scale genetic association studies. Nat Genet (2018). Sep;50(9):1335-1341.

### See Also

`seqAssocGLMM_SPA`, `seqSAIGE_LoadPval`

### Examples

    # open a GDS file
    fn <- system.file("extdata", "grm1k_10k_snp.gds", package="SAIGEgds")
    gdsfile <- seqOpen(fn)

    # load phenotype
    phenofn <- system.file("extdata", "pheno.txt.gz", package="SAIGEgds")
    pheno <- read.table(phenofn, header=TRUE, as.is=TRUE)
    head(pheno)

    # fit the null model
    glmm <- seqFitNullGLMM_SPA(y ~ x1 + x2, pheno, gdsfile, trait.type="binary")

    # p-value calculation
    assoc <- seqAssocGLMM_SPA(gdsfile, glmm, mac=10)
    head(assoc)

    # close the GDS file
    seqClose(gdsfile)

[Package SAIGEgds version 1.4.0 Index]