MAsim.smyth {OCplus} | R Documentation

## Simulate two-sample microarray data

### Description

These functions simulate two-sample microarray data from various different models.

### Usage

    MAsim(ng = 10000, n = 10, n1 = n, n2 = n, D = 1, p0 = 0.9, sigma = 1)

    MAsim.var(ng = 10000, n = 10, n1 = n, n2 = n, D = 1, p0 = 0.9)

    MAsim.smyth(ng = 10000, n = 10, n1 = n, n2 = n, p0 = 0.9, d0 = 4,
                s2_0 = 4, v0 = 2)

    MAsim.real(xdat, grp, n, n1, n2, D = 1, p0 = 0.9, replace = TRUE)

### Arguments

`ng` | number of genes
`n, n1, n2` | number of samples per group; by default balanced, except for `MAsim.real`.
`p0` | proportion of differentially expressed genes
`D` | effect size for differentially expressed genes, in units of the gene-specific standard deviation (`sigma` in `MAsim`).
`sigma` | standard deviation, constant for all genes
`d0, s2_0, v0` | prior parameters for effect size and variability across genes in Smyth's model, see Details.
`xdat, grp` | expression data and grouping variable for an existing microarray data set, as specified in `EOC`.
`replace` | logical switch indicating whether to sub-sample (`replace=FALSE`) or bootstrap (`replace=TRUE`) from the existing data. Note that the specified group-sizes have to be smaller than the real group sizes in case of sub-sampling.

### Details

`MAsim` simulates normal data with constant standard deviation `sigma` across genes and fixed effect size `D`; the sign of the effect is equally and randomly split between up- and down-regulation, and effects are added to the second group. `MAsim.var` does the same, but instead of relying on a fixed variance across genes, it simulates gene-specific variances from a standard exponential distribution.

`MAsim.smyth` simulates from the model suggested in Smyth (2004), using a normal error distribution. The variances are assumed to follow an inverse chisquared distribution with `d0` degrees of freedom and are scaled by `s2_0`; consequently, large values of `d0` lead to similar gene-wise variances across genes, whereas small values lead to very different variances between genes. The effect sizes for differentially expressed genes are assumed to follow a normal distribution with mean zero and variance `v0` times the previously simulated gene-specific variance; consequently, large values of `v0` lead to large effects in the model.

`MAsim.real` finally uses existing real or simulated existing data sets to generate simulated data with fixed effect sizes: for each group, the specified number of samples is sampled either with or without replacement from the columns of `xdat`; for each gene, the group means are subtracted from the resampled data, so that the groupwise and overall mean for each gene is zero. Then, noise from an appropriate t-distribution is added to each group to break the sum-to-zero constraint in a consistent manner. The specified effect (evenly split between up- and down-regulation) for the differentially expressed genes is again added to the second group.

### Value

The functions all return a matrix with `ng` rows and `n1+n2` columns, except for `MAsim.real`, where the default is to return a matrix of the same dimensions as `xdat`. The group membership of each column is given by its column name. The matrix has additionally the attribute `DE`, which is a logical vector specifying for each gene whether or not it was assumed to be differentially expressed in the simulation.

### References

Smyth G (2004). Linear models and empirical Bayes methods for assessing differential expression in microarray experiments. Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology 3, No. 1, Article 3

### See Also

`EOC`

### Examples

    # Small examples only
    sim1 = MAsim(ng=1000, n=10, p0=0.8)
    sim2 = MAsim.var(ng=1000, n1=15, n2=5, p0=0.8)
    sim3 = MAsim.smyth(ng=1000, n=10, p0=0.8)

    # Assess FDR
    eoc1 = EOC(sim1, colnames(sim1), plot=FALSE)
    eoc2 = EOC(sim2, colnames(sim2), plot=FALSE)
    eoc3 = EOC(sim3, colnames(sim3), plot=FALSE)

    # Show
    par(mfrow=c(2,2))
    plot(eoc1)
    plot(eoc2)
    plot(eoc3)
    OCshow(eoc1, eoc2, eoc3)

    # The truth will make you fret
    table(eoc1$FDR<0.1, attr(sim1, "DE"))

[Package OCplus version 1.64.0 Index]