    PGSQL_TABLE(5)                                                  PGSQL_TABLE(5)

    NAME
           pgsql_table - Postfix PostgreSQL client configuration

    SYNOPSIS
           postmap -q "string" pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename

           postmap -q - pgsql:/etc/postfix/filename <inputfile

    DESCRIPTION
           The  Postfix  mail system uses optional tables for address
           rewriting or mail routing. These tables are usually in dbm
           or db format.

           Alternatively,  lookup  tables  can  be specified as Post-
           greSQL databases.  In order  to  use  PostgreSQL  lookups,
           define  a  PostgreSQL source as a lookup table in main.cf,
           for example:
               alias_maps = pgsql:/etc/pgsql-aliases.cf

           The file /etc/postfix/pgsql-aliases.cf has the same format
           as  the  Postfix main.cf file, and can specify the parame-
           ters described below.

    BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY
           For compatibility with other Postfix lookup tables,  Post-
           greSQL  parameters  can  also  be  defined in main.cf.  In
           order to do that, specify as PostgreSQL source a name that
           doesn't  begin  with  a  slash  or  a dot.  The PostgreSQL
           parameters will then be  accessible  as  the  name  you've
           given the source in its definition, an underscore, and the
           name of the parameter.  For example, if the map is  speci-
           fied  as  "pgsql:pgsqlname",  the  parameter "hosts" below
           would be defined in main.cf as "pgsqlname_hosts".

           Note: with this form, the  passwords  for  the  PostgreSQL
           sources  are  written in main.cf, which is normally world-
           readable.  Support for this form  will  be  removed  in  a
           future Postfix version.

           Postfix  2.2  has  enhanced query interfaces for MySQL and
           PostgreSQL, these include  features  previously  available
           only  in the Postfix LDAP client. In the new interface the
           SQL query  is  specified  via  a  single  query  parameter
           (described  in  more  detail  below).   In Postfix 2.1 the
           parameter  precedence  was,  from   highest   to   lowest,
           select_function, query and finally select_field, ...

           With  Postfix  2.2  the query parameter has highest prece-
           dence, and is used in preference to the  still  supported,
           but    slated   to   be   phased   out,   select_function,
           select_field, table, where_field and additional_conditions
           parameters. To migrate to the new interface set:

               query = SELECT select_function('%s')

           or  in  the  absence  of select_function, the lower prece-
           dence:

               query = SELECT select_field
                   FROM table
                   WHERE where_field = '%s'
                       additional_conditions

           Use the value, not the name,  of  each  legacy  parameter.
           Note  that the additional_conditions parameter is optional
           and if not empty, will always start with AND.

    LIST MEMBERSHIP
           When using SQL to store lists such as $mynetworks, $mydes-
           tination,  $relay_domains, $local_recipient_maps, etc., it
           is important to understand that the table must store  each
           list  member  as a separate key. The table lookup verifies
           the *existence* of the  key.  See  "Postfix  lists  versus
           tables"  in the DATABASE_README document for a discussion.

           Do NOT create tables that return the full list of  domains
           in  $mydestination or $relay_domains etc., or IP addresses
           in $mynetworks.

           DO create tables with each matching item as a key and with
           an  arbitrary value. With SQL databases it is not uncommon
           to return the key itself or a constant value.

    PGSQL PARAMETERS
           hosts  The hosts that Postfix will try to connect  to  and
                  query from.  Specify unix: for UNIX-domain sockets,
                  inet: for TCP connections (default).  Example:
                      hosts = host1.some.domain host2.some.domain
                      hosts = unix:/file/name

                  The hosts are tried in random order, with all  con-
                  nections  over  UNIX  domain  sockets  being  tried
                  before those over TCP.  The connections  are  auto-
                  matically  closed  after  being  idle  for  about 1
                  minute, and are re-opened as necessary.

                  NOTE: the unix: and inet: prefixes are accepted for
                  backwards  compatibility  reasons, but are actually
                  ignored.  The PostgreSQL client library will always
                  try to connect to an UNIX socket if the name starts
                  with a slash, and will try a TCP connection  other-
                  wise.

           user, password
                  The  user  name  and password to log into the pgsql
                  server.  Example:
                      user = someone
                      password = some_password

           dbname The database name on the servers. Example:
                      dbname = customer_database

           query  The SQL query template used to search the database,
                  where %s is a substitute for the address Postfix is
                  trying to resolve, e.g.
                      query = SELECT replacement FROM aliases WHERE mailbox = '%s'

                  This parameter supports the  following  '%'  expan-
                  sions:

                  %%     This is replaced by a literal '%' character.
                         (Postfix 2.2 and later)

                  %s     This is replaced  by  the  input  key.   SQL
                         quoting  is used to make sure that the input
                         key does not add unexpected  metacharacters.

                  %u     When the input key is an address of the form
                         user@domain,  %u  is  replaced  by  the  SQL
                         quoted  local  part  of the address.  Other-
                         wise, %u is replaced by  the  entire  search
                         string.   If  the  localpart  is  empty, the
                         query is suppressed and returns no  results.

                  %d     When the input key is an address of the form
                         user@domain,  %d  is  replaced  by  the  SQL
                         quoted  domain  part of the address.  Other-
                         wise, the query is suppressed and returns no
                         results.

                  %[SUD] The  upper-case  equivalents  of  the  above
                         expansions behave  in  the  query  parameter
                         identically  to  their  lower-case  counter-
                         parts.   With  the  result_format  parameter
                         (see  below),  they  expand  the  input  key
                         rather than the result value.

                         The above  %S,  %U  and  %D  expansions  are
                         available with Postfix 2.2 and later

                  %[1-9] The  patterns %1, %2, ... %9 are replaced by
                         the corresponding most significant component
                         of  the input key's domain. If the input key
                         is user@mail.example.com, then %1 is com, %2
                         is  example and %3 is mail. If the input key
                         is  unqualified  or  does  not  have  enough
                         domain  components to satisfy all the speci-
                         fied patterns, the query is  suppressed  and
                         returns no results.

                         The  above  %1, ... %9 expansions are avail-
                         able with Postfix 2.2 and later

                  The domain parameter  described  below  limits  the
                  input  keys  to addresses in matching domains. When
                  the domain parameter is non-empty, SQL queries  for
                  unqualified  addresses or addresses in non-matching
                  domains are suppressed and return no results.

                  The precedence of this parameter has  changed  with
                  Postfix  2.2, in prior releases the precedence was,
                  from highest  to  lowest,  select_function,  query,
                  select_field, ...

                  With  Postfix  2.2  the query parameter has highest
                  precedence, see COMPATIBILITY above.

                  NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the query parameter.

           result_format (default: %s)
                  Format  template applied to result attributes. Most
                  commonly used to append (or prepend)  text  to  the
                  result.  This  parameter supports the following '%'
                  expansions:

                  %%     This is replaced by a literal '%' character.

                  %s     This  is replaced by the value of the result
                         attribute.  When  result  is  empty  it   is
                         skipped.

                  %u     When   the  result  attribute  value  is  an
                         address  of  the  form  user@domain,  %u  is
                         replaced  by  the local part of the address.
                         When the result has an empty localpart it is
                         skipped.

                  %d     When  a result attribute value is an address
                         of the form user@domain, %d is  replaced  by
                         the domain part of the attribute value. When
                         the result is unqualified it is skipped.

                  %[SUD1-9]
                         The upper-case and decimal digit  expansions
                         interpolate  the  parts  of  the  input  key
                         rather than the result.  Their  behavior  is
                         identical  to that described with query, and
                         in fact because the input key  is  known  in
                         advance,  queries whose key does not contain
                         all the information specified in the  result
                         template   are   suppressed  and  return  no
                         results.

                  For  example,  using  "result_format  =  smtp:[%s]"
                  allows one to use a mailHost attribute as the basis
                  of a transport(5) table. After applying the  result
                  format,  multiple  values are concatenated as comma
                  separated strings. The expansion_limit and  parame-
                  ter explained below allows one to restrict the num-
                  ber of values in the result,  which  is  especially
                  useful for maps that must return at most one value.

                  The default value %s  specifies  that  each  result
                  value should be used as is.

                  This  parameter  is  available with Postfix 2.2 and
                  later.

                  NOTE: DO NOT put quotes around the result format!

           domain (default: no domain list)
                  This is a list of domain names, paths to files,  or
                  dictionaries.  When specified, only fully qualified
                  search keys with  a  *non-empty*  localpart  and  a
                  matching  domain  are  eligible  for lookup: 'user'
                  lookups, bare domain lookups and "@domain"  lookups
                  are  not  performed.  This can significantly reduce
                  the query load on the PostgreSQL server.
                      domain = postfix.org, hash:/etc/postfix/searchdomains

                  It is best not to use SQL to store the domains eli-
                  gible for SQL lookups.

                  This  parameter  is  available with Postfix 2.2 and
                  later.

                  NOTE: DO NOT define  this  parameter  for  local(8)
                  aliases, because the input keys are always unquali-
                  fied.

           expansion_limit (default: 0)
                  A limit on the  total  number  of  result  elements
                  returned  (as  a  comma separated list) by a lookup
                  against the map.  A setting of  zero  disables  the
                  limit.  Lookups  fail with a temporary error if the
                  limit is exceeded.  Setting the limit to 1  ensures
                  that lookups do not return multiple values.

    OBSOLETE QUERY INTERFACES
           This  section  describes  query interfaces that are depre-
           cated as of Postfix 2.2.  Please migrate to the new  query
           interface  as  the  old interfaces are slated to be phased
           out.

           select_function
                  This parameter specifies a database function  name.
                  Example:
                      select_function = my_lookup_user_alias

                  This is equivalent to:
                      query = SELECT my_lookup_user_alias('%s')

                  This  parameter  overrides the legacy table-related
                  fields (described  below).  With  Postfix  versions
                  prior  to  2.2, it also overrides the query parame-
                  ter. Starting with Postfix 2.2, the query parameter
                  has  highest  precedence,  and  the select_function
                  parameter is deprecated.

           The following parameters (with lower precedence  than  the
           select_function  interface described above) can be used to
           build the SQL select statement as follows:

               SELECT [select_field]
               FROM [table]
               WHERE [where_field] = '%s'
                     [additional_conditions]

           The specifier %s is  replaced  with  each  lookup  by  the
           lookup  key and is escaped so if it contains single quotes
           or other odd characters, it will not cause a parse  error,
           or worse, a security problem.

           Starting  with Postfix 2.2, this interface is obsoleted by
           the more  general  query  interface  described  above.  If
           higher  precedence the query or select_function parameters
           described above are defined, the parameters described here
           are ignored.

           select_field
                  The SQL "select" parameter. Example:
                      select_field = forw_addr

           table  The SQL "select .. from" table name. Example:
                      table = mxaliases

           where_field
                  The SQL "select .. where" parameter. Example:
                      where_field = alias

           additional_conditions
                  Additional conditions to the SQL query. Example:
                      additional_conditions = AND status = 'paid'

    SEE ALSO
           postmap(1), Postfix lookup table manager
           postconf(5), configuration parameters
           ldap_table(5), LDAP lookup tables
           mysql_table(5), MySQL lookup tables

    README FILES
           DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview
           PGSQL_README, Postfix PostgreSQL client guide

    LICENSE
           The Secure Mailer license must be  distributed  with  this
           software.

    HISTORY
           PgSQL support was introduced with Postfix version 2.1.

    AUTHOR(S)
           Based on the MySQL client by:
           Scott Cotton, Joshua Marcus
           IC Group, Inc.

           Ported to PostgreSQL by:
           Aaron Sethman

           Further enhanced by:
           Liviu Daia
           Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
           P.O. BOX 1-764
           RO-014700 Bucharest, ROMANIA

                                                                    PGSQL_TABLE(5)