The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cha Jing (A.D.733-A.D.804), by Li Yu This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net Title: Cha Jing (A.D.733-A.D.804) Author: Li Yu Posting Date: May 11, 2009 [EBook #7406] Release Date: February, 2005 First Posted: April 25, 2003 Language: Chinese Character set encoding: UTF-8 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHA JING (A.D.733-A.D.804) *** Produced by Ni-Yen Wu 茶經 陸羽撰 一之源 茶者,南方之嘉木也,一尺二尺,乃至數十尺。其巴山峽川有兩人合抱者 ,伐而掇之,其樹如瓜蘆,葉如梔子,花如白薔薇,實如栟櫚,葉如丁香 ,根如胡桃。其字或從草,或從木,或草木並。其名一曰茶,二曰檟,三 曰<艸設>,四曰茗,五曰荈。其地:上者生爛石,中者生櫟壤,下者生黃 土。凡藝而不實,植而罕茂,法如種瓜,三歲可采。野者上,園者次;陽 崖陰林紫者上,綠者次;筍者上,牙者次;葉卷上,葉舒次。陰山坡穀者 不堪采掇,性凝滯,結瘕疾。茶之用,味至寒,飲最宜精行儉德之人,若 熱渴、凝悶、腦疼、目澀、四支煩、百節不舒,聊四五啜,與醍醐、甘露 抗衡也。采不時,造不精,雜以卉,莽飲之成疾,茶累也。亦猶人參,上 者生上黨,中者生百濟、新羅,下者生高麗。有生澤州、易州、幽州、檀 州者,藥無效,況非此者!設服薺<艸尼>,使六疾不瘳。知人參累,則茶 累盡矣。 二之具 ,一曰籃,一曰籠,一曰筥。以竹織之,受五升,或一鬥、二鬥、三鬥者 ,茶人負以采茶也。無用<穴犮>者,釜用唇口者。甑,或木或瓦,匪腰而 泥,籃以簞之,篾以系之。始其蒸也,入乎簞,既其熟也,出乎簞。釜涸 注於甑中,又以穀木枝三亞者制之,散所蒸牙筍並葉,畏流其膏。杵臼, 一曰碓,惟琤峈怢峞C規,一曰模,一曰棬。以鐵制之,或圓或方或花。 承,一曰台,一曰砧。以石之,不然以槐、桑木半埋地中,遣無所搖動。 簷,一曰衣。以油絹或雨衫單服敗者之,以簷置承上,又以規置簷上,以 造茶也。茶成,舉而易之。芘莉,一曰羸子,一曰<}旁>筤。以二小竹長 三赤,軀二赤五寸,柄五寸,以篾織,方眼如圃,人土羅闊二赤,以列茶 也。棨,一曰錐刀,柄以堅木之,用穿茶也。撲,一曰鞭。以竹之,穿茶 以解茶也。焙,鑿地深二尺,闊二尺五寸,長一丈,上作短牆,高二尺, 泥之。貫,削竹之,長二尺五寸,以貫茶焙之。棚,一曰棧,以木構於焙 上,編木兩層,高一尺,以焙茶也。茶之半幹升下棚,全幹升上棚。穿, 江東淮南剖竹之,巴川峽山紉谷皮之。江東以一斤上穿,半斤中穿,四兩 五兩小穿。峽中以一百二十斤上,八十斤中穿,五十斤小穿。字舊作釵釧 之“釧”,字或作貫串,今則不然。如磨、扇、彈、鑽、縫五字,文以平 聲書之,義以去聲呼之,其字以穿名之。育,以木制之,以竹編之,以紙 糊之,中有隔,上有覆,下有床,傍有門,掩一扇,中置一器,貯煻煨火 ,令然,江南梅雨時焚之以火。 三之造 凡采茶,在二月三月四月之間。茶之筍者生爛石沃土,長四五寸,若薇蕨 始抽,淩露采焉。茶之牙者,發于叢薄之上,有三枝四枝五枝者,選其中 枝穎拔者采焉,其日有雨不采,晴有雲不采。晴采之,蒸之,搗之,拍之 ,焙之,穿之,封之,茶之幹矣。茶有千萬狀,鹵莽而言,如胡人靴者蹙 縮然,犎牛臆者廉簷然,浮雲出山者輪菌然,輕拂水者涵澹然。有如陶家 之子羅,膏土以水澄泚之。又如新治地者,遇暴雨流潦之所經,此皆茶之 精腴。有如竹籜者,枝幹堅實,艱於蒸搗,故其形<}麗>簁然;有如霜荷 者,至葉凋,沮易其狀貌,故厥狀委萃然,此皆茶之瘠老者也。自采至於 封七經目,自胡靴至於霜荷八等,或以光黑平正,言嘉者,斯鑒之下也; 以皺黃坳垤言佳者;鑒之次也。若皆言嘉及皆言不嘉者,鑒之上也。何者 ?出膏者光,含膏者皺,宿制者則黑,日成者則黃,蒸壓則平正,縱之則 坳垤,此茶與草木葉一也,茶之否臧,存於口訣。 四之器 風爐:風爐以銅鐵鑄之,如古鼎形,厚三分,緣闊九分,令六分虛中,致 其圬墁,凡三足。古文書二十一字,一足雲“坎上巽下離於中”,一足雲 “體均五行去百疾”,一足雲“聖唐滅胡明年鑄”。其三足之間設三窗, 底一窗,以通漏燼之所,上並古文書六字:一窗之上書“伊公”二字,一 窗之上書“羹陸”二字,一窗之上書“氏茶”二字,所謂“伊公羹陸氏茶 ”也。置墆粟憍顙鉹滿A設三格:其一格有翟焉,翟者,火禽也,畫一卦 曰離;其一格有彪焉,彪者,風獸也,畫一卦曰巽;其一格有魚焉,魚者 ,水蟲也,畫一卦曰坎。巽主風,離主火,坎主水。風能興火,火能熟水 ,故備其三卦焉。其飾以連葩、垂蔓、曲水、方文之類。其爐或鍛鐵之, 或運泥之,其灰承作三足,鐵柈台之。筥:筥以竹織之,高一尺二寸,徑 闊七寸,或用藤作,木楦,如筥形,織之六出,固眼其底,蓋若利篋口鑠 之。炭撾:炭撾以鐵六棱制之,長一尺,銳一豐,中執細頭,系一小展, 以飾撾也。若今之河隴軍人木吾也,或作鎚,或作斧,隨其便也。火筴: 火筴一名箸,若常用者圓直一尺三寸,頂平截,無蔥台勾鎖之屬,以鐵或 熟銅制之。鍑:鍑以生鐵之,今人有業冶者所謂急鐵。其鐵以耕刀之趄煉 而鑄之,內摸土而外摸沙土。滑于內,易其摩滌;沙澀於外,吸其炎焰。 方其耳,以正令也;廣其緣,以務遠也;長其臍,以守中也。臍長則沸中 ,沸中則末易揚,末易揚則其味淳也。洪州以瓷之,萊州以石之,瓷與石 皆雅器也,性非堅實,難可持久。用銀之,至潔,但涉於侈麗。雅則雅矣 ,潔亦潔矣,若用之琣茖臕k於銀也。交床:交床以十字交之,剜中令虛 ,以支鍑也夾:夾以小青竹之,長一尺二寸,令一寸有節,節已上剖之, 以炙茶也。彼竹之筱津潤於火,假其香潔以益茶味,恐非林谷間莫之致。 或用精鐵熟銅之類,取其久也。紙囊:紙囊以剡藤紙白厚者夾縫之,以貯 所炙茶,使不泄其香也。碾:碾以橘木之,次以梨、桑、桐柘臼,內圓而 外方。內圓備於運行也,外方制其傾危也。內容墮而外無餘木,墮形如車 輪,不輻而軸焉,長九寸,闊一寸七分,墮徑三寸八分,中厚一寸,邊厚 半寸,軸中方而執圓,其拂末以鳥羽制之。羅合:羅末以合蓋貯之,以則 置合中,用巨竹剖而屈之,以紗絹衣之,其合以竹節之,或屈杉以漆之。 高三寸,蓋一寸,底二寸,口徑四寸。則:則以海貝蠣蛤之屬,或以銅鐵 竹匕策之類。則者,量也,准也,度也。凡煮水一升,用末方寸匕。若好 薄者減之,嗜濃者增之,故雲則也。水方:水方以椆木、槐、楸、梓等合 之,其堥疇~縫漆之,受一鬥。 漉水囊:漉水囊若常用者,其格以生銅鑄之,以備水濕,無有苔穢腥澀。 意以熟銅苔穢、鐵腥澀也。林棲穀隱者或用之竹木,木與竹非持久涉遠之 具,故用之生銅。其囊織青竹以卷之,裁碧縑以縫之,紐翠鈿以綴之,又 作綠油囊以貯之,圓徑五寸,柄一寸五分。 瓢:瓢一曰犧杓,剖瓠之,或刊木之。晉舍人杜毓《荈賦》雲:“酌之以 匏。”匏,瓢也,口闊脛薄柄短。永嘉中,餘姚人虞洪入瀑布山采茗,遇 一道士雲:“吾丹丘子,祈子他日甌犧之餘乞相遺也。”犧,木杓也,今 常用以梨木之。 竹筴:竹筴或以桃、柳、蒲、葵木之,或以柿心木之,長一尺,銀裹兩頭 。 鹺簋:鹺簋以瓷之,圓徑四寸。若合形,或瓶或罍,貯鹽花也。其揭竹制 ,長四寸一分,闊九分。揭,策也。 熟盂:熟盂以貯熟水,或瓷或沙,受二升。 碗:碗,越州上,鼎州次,婺州次,嶽州次,壽州、洪州次。或者以邢州 處越州上,殊不然。若邢瓷類銀,越瓷類玉,邢不如越一也;若邢瓷類雪 ,則越瓷類冰,邢不如越二也;邢瓷白而茶色丹,越瓷青而茶色綠,邢不 如越三也。晉·杜毓《荈賦》所謂器擇陶揀,出自東甌。甌,越也。甌, 越州上口唇不卷,底卷而淺,受半升已下。越州瓷、嶽瓷皆青,青則益茶 ,茶作白紅之色。邢州瓷白,茶色紅;壽州瓷黃,茶色紫;洪州瓷褐, 茶色黑:悉不宜茶。 畚:畚以白蒲卷而編之,可貯碗十枚。或用筥,其紙帕,以剡紙夾縫令方 ,亦十之也。 劄:劄緝栟櫚皮以茱萸木夾而縛之。或截竹束而管之,若巨筆形。 滌方:滌方以貯滌洗之餘,用楸木合之,制如水方,受八升。 滓方:滓方以集諸滓,制如滌方,處五升。 巾:巾以絁之,長二尺,作二枚,玄用之以潔諸器。 具列:具列或作床,或作架,或純木純竹而制之,或木法竹黃黑可扃而漆 者,長三尺,闊二尺,高六寸,其到者悉斂諸器物,悉以陳列也。 都籃:都籃以悉設諸器而名之。以竹篾內作三角方眼,外以雙篾闊者經之 ,以單篾纖者縛之,遞壓雙經作方眼,使玲瓏。高一尺五寸,底闊一尺, 高二寸,長二尺四寸,闊二尺。 五之煮 凡灸茶,慎勿於風燼間灸,輔撐K如鑽,使炎涼不均。持以逼火,屢其翻 正,候炮出培塿狀,蝦蟆背,然後去火五寸,卷而舒則本其始,又灸之。 若火幹者,以氣熟止;日幹者,以柔止。其始若茶之至嫩者,茶罷熱搗葉 爛而牙筍存焉。假以力者,持千鈞杵亦不之爛,如漆科珠,壯士接之不能 駐其指,及就則似無禳骨也。灸之,則其節若倪,倪如嬰兒之臂耳。既而 承熱用紙囊貯之,精華之氣無所散越。候寒末之其火用炭,次用勁薪。其 炭曾經燔灸,膻膩所及,及膏木敗器不用之。古人有勞薪之味,信哉!其 水,用山水上,江水中,井水下。其山水,揀乳泉石地慢流者上,其瀑湧 湍漱勿食之,久食令人有頸疾。又多別流於山谷者,澄浸不泄,自火天至 霜郊以前,或潛龍畜毒於其間,飲者可決之以流其惡,使新泉涓涓然酌之 。其江水,取去人遠者。井取汲多者。其沸如魚目,微有聲一沸,緣邊如 湧泉連珠二沸,騰波鼓浪三沸,已上水老不可食也。初沸則水合量,調之 以鹽味,謂棄其啜餘,無乃■■而鍾其一味乎?第二沸出水一瓢,以竹筴 環激湯心,則量末當中心,而下有頃勢若奔濤,濺沫以所出水止之,而育 其華也。凡酌置諸碗,令沫餑均。沫餑,湯之華也。華之薄者曰沫,厚者 曰餑,細輕者曰花,如棗花漂漂然于環池之上。又如回潭曲渚,青萍之始 生;又如晴天爽朗,有浮雲鱗然。其沫者,若綠錢浮于水渭,又如菊英墮 於鐏俎之中。餑者以滓煮之。及沸則重華累沫,硉f硉f然若積雪耳。《 荈賦》所謂“煥如積雪,燁若春艸敷”,有之。第一煮水沸,而棄其沫之 上,有水膜如黑雲母,飲之則其味不正。其第一者雋永,或留熟以貯之, 以備育華救沸之用。諸第一與第二第三碗,次之第四第五碗,外非渴甚莫 之飲。凡煮水一升,酌分五碗,乘熱連飲之,以重濁凝其下,精英浮其上 。如冷則精英隨氣而竭,飲啜不消亦然矣。茶性儉,不宜廣,則其味黯澹 ,且如一滿碗,啜半而味寡,況其廣乎!其色緗也,其馨■也。其味甘也 ;不甘而苦,荈也;啜苦咽甘,茶也。 六之飲 翼而飛,毛而走,去而言,此三者俱生於天地間。飲啄以活,飲之時,義 遠矣哉。至若救渴,飲之以漿;蠲憂忿,飲之以酒;蕩昏寐,飲之以茶。 茶之飲,發乎神農氏,間于魯周公,齊有晏嬰,漢有揚雄、司馬相如,吳 有韋曜,晉有劉琨、張載遠、祖納、謝安、左思之徒,皆飲焉。滂時浸俗 ,盛于國朝,兩都並荊俞間,以比屋之飲。飲有粗茶、散茶、末茶、餅茶 者,乃斫,乃熬,乃煬,乃舂,貯於瓶缶之中,以湯沃焉,謂之■茶。或 用蔥、薑、棗、橘皮、茱萸、薄荷之等,煮之百沸,或揚令滑,或煮去沫 ,斯溝渠間棄水耳,而習俗不已。於戲!天育萬物皆有至妙,人之所工, 但獵淺易。所庇者屋屋精極,所著者衣衣精極,所飽者飲食,食與酒皆精 極之。茶有九難:一曰造,二曰別,三曰器,四曰火,五曰水,六曰炙, 七曰末,八曰煮,九曰飲。陰采夜焙非造也,嚼味嗅香非別也,膻鼎 腥甌非器也,膏薪庖炭非火也,飛湍壅潦非水也,外熟內生非炙也,碧粉 縹塵非末也,操艱攪遽非煮也,夏興冬廢非飲也。夫珍鮮馥烈者,其碗數 三;次之者,碗數五。若坐客數至,五行三碗,至七行五碗。若六人已下 ,不約碗數,但闕一人而已,其雋永補所闕人。 七之事 王皇炎帝。神農氏。周魯周公旦。齊相晏嬰。漢仙人丹丘子。黃山君司馬 文。園令相如。楊執戟雄。吳歸命侯。韋太傅弘嗣。晉惠帝。劉司空琨。 琨兄子兗州刺史演。張黃門孟陽。傅司隸鹹。江洗馬充。孫參軍楚。左記 室太沖。陸吳興納。納兄子會稽內史俶。謝冠軍安石。郭弘農璞。桓揚州 溫。杜舍人毓。武康小山寺釋法瑤。沛國夏侯愷。餘姚虞洪。北地傅巽。 丹陽弘君舉。安任育。宣城秦精。敦煌單道開。剡縣陳務妻。廣陵老姥。 河內山謙之。後魏琅琊王肅。宋新安王子鸞。鸞弟豫章王子尚。鮑昭妹令 暉。八公山沙門譚濟。齊世祖武帝。梁·劉廷尉。陶先生弘景。皇朝徐英 公勣。 《神農·食經》:“茶茗久服,令人有力、悅志”。 周公《爾雅》:“檟,苦茶。”《廣雅》雲:“荊巴間采葉作餅,葉老者 餅成,以米膏出之,欲煮茗飲,先灸,令赤色,搗末置瓷器中,以湯澆覆 之,用蔥、薑、橘子芼之,其飲醒酒,令人不眠。” 《晏子春秋》:“嬰相齊景公時,食脫粟之飯,灸三戈五卯茗萊而已。” 司馬相如《凡將篇》:“烏啄桔梗芫華,款冬貝母木蔞,芩草芍藥桂漏蘆 ,蜚廉雚菌荈詫,白斂白芷菖蒲,芒消莞椒茱萸。” 《方言》:“蜀西南人謂茶曰葭。” 《吳志·韋曜傳》:“孫皓每饗宴坐席,無不率以七勝限。雖不盡入口, 皆澆灌取盡,曜飲酒不過二升,皓初禮異,密賜茶荈以代酒。” 《晉中興書》:“陸納吳興太守,時衛將軍謝安常欲詣納,納兄子俶怪納 ,無所備,不敢問之,乃私蓄十數人饌。安既至,所設唯茶果而已。俶遂 陳盛饌珍羞必具,及安去,納杖俶四十,雲:‘汝既不能光益叔父,柰何 穢吾素業?’” 《晉書》:“桓溫揚州牧,性儉,每燕飲,唯下七奠,拌茶果而已。” 《搜神記》:“夏侯愷因疾死,宗人字苟奴,察見鬼神,見愷來收馬,並 病其妻,著平上幘單衣入,坐生時西壁大床,就人覓茶飲。” 劉琨《與兄子南兗州刺史演書》雲:“前得安州幹薑一斤、桂一斤、黃芩 一斤,皆所須也,吾體中潰悶,常仰真茶,汝可置之。” 傅咸《司隸教》曰:“聞南方有以困蜀嫗作茶粥賣,簾事打破其器具。又 賣餅於市,而禁茶粥以蜀姥何哉!” 《神異記》:“餘姚人虞洪入山采茗,遇一道士牽三青牛,引洪至瀑布山 曰:‘予丹丘子也。聞子善具飲,常思見惠。山中有大茗可以相給,祈子 他日有甌犧之餘,乞相遺也。’因立奠祀。後常令家人入山,獲大茗焉。 ” 左思《嬌女詩》:“吾家有嬌女,皎皎頗白皙。小字紈素,口齒自清曆 。有姊字惠芳,眉目粲如畫。馳騖翔園林,果下皆生摘。貪華風雨中,倏 忽數百適。心茶荈劇,吹噓對鼎曆。”張孟陽《登成都樓詩》雲:“借問 楊子舍,想見長卿廬。程卓累千金,驕侈擬五侯。門有連騎客,翠帶腰吳 。鼎食隨時進,百和妙且殊。披林采秋橘,臨江釣春魚。黑子過龍醢,果 饌逾蟹蝑。芳茶冠六情,溢味播九區。人生苟安樂,茲土聊可娛。” 《傳巽七誨》:“蒲桃、宛柰、齊柿、燕栗、峘陽黃梨、巫山朱橘、南中 茶子、西極石蜜。” 弘君舉食檄:寒溫既畢,應下霜華之茗,三爵而終,應下諸蔗、木瓜、元 李、楊梅、五味橄欖、懸豹、葵羹各一杯。孫楚歌:‘茱萸出芳樹顛,鯉 魚出洛水泉,白鹽出河東,美豉出魯淵。姜桂茶荈出巴蜀,椒橘、木蘭出 高山,蓼蘇出溝渠,精稗出中田。’”華佗《食論》:“苦茶久食益意思 。” 壺居士《食忌》:“苦茶久食羽化。與韭同食,令人體重。”郭璞《爾雅 注》雲:“樹小似梔子,冬生葉,可煮羹飲,今呼早取茶,晚取茗,或一 曰荈,蜀人名之苦茶。” 《世說》:“任瞻字育長,少時有令名。自過江失志,既下飲,問人雲: ‘此茶茗?’覺人有怪色,乃自分明雲:‘向問飲熱冷?’” 《續搜神記·晉武帝》:“宣城人秦精,常入武昌山采茗,遇一毛人長丈 餘,引精至山下,示以叢茗而去。俄而複還,乃探懷中橘以遺精,精怖, 負茗而歸。”晉四王起事,惠帝蒙塵,還洛陽,黃門以瓦盂盛茶上至尊。 《異苑》:“剡縣陳務妻少,與二子寡居,好飲茶茗。以宅中有古塚,每 飲,輒先祀之。二子患之曰:‘古塚何知?徒以勞。’意欲掘去之,母苦 禁而止。其夜夢一人雲:吾止此塚三百餘年,卿二子痡見毀,賴相保護 ,又享吾佳茗,雖潛壤朽骨,豈忘翳桑之報。及曉,於庭中獲錢十萬,似 久埋者,但貫新耳。母告,二子慚之,從是禱饋愈甚。” 《廣陵耆老傳》:“晉元帝時有老姥,每旦獨提一器茗,往市鬻之,市人 競買,自旦至夕,其器不減,所得錢散路傍孤貧乞人。人或異之,州法曹 縶之獄中,至夜,老姥執所鬻茗器,從獄牖中飛出。” 《藝術傳》:“敦煌人單道開不畏寒暑,常服小石子。所服藥有松桂蜜之 氣,所余茶蘇而已。”釋道該說《續名僧傳》:“宋釋法瑤姓楊氏,河東 人,永嘉中過江遇沈台真,請真君武康小山寺,年垂懸車,飯所飲茶,永 明中敕吳興禮致上京,年七十九。” 《宋江氏家傳》:“江統字應遷,湣懷太子洗馬,常上疏諫雲:‘今西園 賣醯面藍子菜茶之屬,虧敗國體。’” 《宋錄》:“新安王子鸞、豫章王子尚,詣曇濟道人于八公山,道人設茶 茗,子尚味之曰:此甘露也,何言茶茗。” 王微《雜詩》:“寂寂掩高閣,寥寥空廣廈。待君竟不歸,收領今就檟。 鮑昭妹令暉著《香茗賦》。南齊世祖武皇帝遺詔:“我靈座上,慎勿以牲 祭,但設餅果、茶飲、乾飯、酒脯而已。”梁劉孝綽、謝晉安王餉米等, 傳詔:李孟孫宣教旨,垂賜米、酒、瓜、筍、菹、脯、酢、茗八種,氣苾 新城,味芳雲松。江潭抽節,邁昌荇之珍;疆場擢翹,越葺精之美。羞非 純束野,裛似雪之驢;鮓異陶瓶河鯉,操如瓊之粲。茗同食粲酢,望楫免 ,千里宿舂,省三月種聚。小人懷惠,大懿難忘。 陶弘景《雜錄》:“苦茶輕換膏,昔丹丘子青山君服之。” 《後魏錄》:“琅琊王肅仕南朝,好茗飲蓴羹。及還北地,又好羊肉酪漿 ,人或問之:茗何如酪?肅曰:茗不堪與酪奴。” 《桐君錄》:“西陽武昌廬江昔陵好茗,皆東人作清茗。茗有餑,飲之宜 人。凡可飲之物,皆多取其葉,天門冬、拔揳取根,皆益人。又巴東別有 真茗茶,煎飲令人不眠。俗中多煮檀葉,並大皂李作茶,並冷。又南方有 瓜蘆木,亦似茗,至苦澀,取屑茶,飲亦可通夜不眠。煮鹽人但資此飲, 而交廣最重,客來先設,乃加以香芼輩。 《坤元錄》:“辰州漵浦縣西北三百五十媯L射山,雲蠻俗當吉慶之時, 親族集會,歌舞於山上,山多茶樹。” 《括地圖》:“臨遂縣東一百四十埵陳鸕芊C” 山謙之《吳興記》:“烏程縣西二十埵雪聾s,出禦荈。《夷陵圖經》: “黃牛、荊門、女觀望州等山,茶茗出焉。” 《永嘉圖經》:“永嘉縣東三百里有白茶山。” 《淮陰圖經》:“山陽縣南二十埵陳讞Y。” 《茶陵圖經》雲:“茶陵者,所謂陵穀,生茶茗焉。”《本草·木部》: “茗,苦茶,味甘苦,微寒,無毒,主瘡,利小便,去痰渴熱,令人少睡 。秋采之苦,主下氣消食。注雲:春采之。” 《本草·菜部》:“苦茶,一名荼,一名選,一名遊冬。生益州川谷山陵 道傍,淩冬不死。三月三日采幹。注雲:疑此即是今茶,一名荼,令人不 眠。本草注。”按《詩》雲“誰謂荼苦”,又雲“堇荼如飴”,皆苦菜也 。陶謂之苦茶,木類,非菜流。茗,春采謂之苦茶。 《枕中方》:“療積年,苦茶、蜈蚣並灸,令香熟,等分搗篩,煮甘草湯 洗,以末傅之。” 《孺子方》:“療小兒無故驚蹶,以蔥須煮服之。” 八之出 山南以峽州上,襄州、荊州次,衡州下,金州、梁州又下。 淮南以光州上,義陽郡、舒州次,壽州下,蘄州、黃州又下。 浙西以湖州上,常州次,宣州、杭州、睦州、歙州下,潤州、蘇州又下。 劍南以彭州上,綿州、蜀州次,邛州次,雅州、瀘州下,眉州、漢州又下 。 浙東以越州上,明州、婺州次,台州下。 黔中生恩州、播州、費州、夷州,江南生鄂州、袁州、吉州,嶺南生福州 、建州、韶州、象州。其恩、播、費、夷、鄂、袁、吉、福、建、泉、韶 、象十一州未詳。往往得之,其味極佳。 九之略 其造具,若方春禁火之時,於野寺山園叢手而掇,乃蒸,乃舂,乃以火乾 之,則又棨、樸、焙、貫、相、穿、育等七事皆廢。其煮器,若松間石上 可坐,則具列,廢用槁薪鼎櫪之屬,則風爐、灰承、炭撾、火筴、交床等 廢;若瞰泉臨澗,則水方、滌方、漉水囊廢。若五人已下,茶可末而精者 ,則羅廢;若援藟躋嵒,引入洞,於山口灸而末之,或紙包合貯,則碾、 拂末等廢;既瓢碗、筴、劄、熟盂、醝簋悉以一筥盛之,則都籃廢。但城 邑之中,王公之門,二十四器闕一則茶廢矣! 十之圖 以絹素或四幅或六幅,分佈寫之,陳諸座隅,則茶之源、之具、之造、之 器、之煮、之飲、之事、之出、之略,目擊而存,於是《茶經》之始終備 焉。 End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Cha Jing (A.D.733-A.D.804), by Li Yu *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHA JING (A.D.733-A.D.804) *** ***** This file should be named 7406-0.txt or 7406-0.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/7/4/0/7406/ Produced by Ni-Yen Wu Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will be 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